《柳氏·杨柳枝·婉约词》赏析

杨柳枝

柳氏

杨柳枝,芳菲节,所恨年年赠离别​‍‌‍​‍‌‍‌‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌​‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍​‍​‍‌‍‌‍‌‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍​​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍‌‍‌‍​。一叶随风忽报秋,纵使君来岂堪折!

【赏析】

《杨柳枝》是柳氏为答和韩翃词《章台柳》所作,也是以柳自喻,叙写离情别恨​‍‌‍​‍‌‍‌‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌​‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍​‍​‍‌‍‌‍‌‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍​​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍‌‍‌‍​。“芳菲”的“柳枝”象征着青春年华,然而不能趁着青春美丽与丈夫厮守,却令人平添恨意,故云:“所恨年年赠离别​‍‌‍​‍‌‍‌‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌​‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍​‍​‍‌‍‌‍‌‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍​​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍​‍‌‍‌‍‌‍​。”古人有折柳赠别的习俗,这里以此切合自己与丈夫离别的不幸遭遇。结尾两句写从春到秋,杨柳由盛而衰,人也经历了久别相思的苦痛,现在已经憔悴不堪了,故有“纵使君来岂堪折”之说,同时也是诉说相思之苦、含情带怨的情语。